Biomass is a term used to refer to all organic compounds derived from cultivated plants, algae, and organic waste. The grouping of biomass is divided into woody biomass, non-timber biomass, and secondary biomass. Biomass can also be categorized into agricultural waste, forestry waste, energy garden crops, and organic waste. Chemical properties, physical properties, moisture content, and mechanical strength in various biomass are very diverse and different. Biomass is a renewable energy source with low quality. Thermal conversion technology that uses biomass is very complicated and must be adapted to its utilization. varies depending on its use and is relatively complex. In the gasification process, the main characteristics of biomass are related to proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, fusion ash temperature, crushing properties, and expansion index.[1].
Biomass is composed of various kinds of organic materials. Most of the biomass is composed of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The rest are minerals composed of sodium, phosphorus, calcium, and iron. The main compounds that make up biomass are cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.[2] These three compounds are the building blocks of cell walls in plants.[3] Biomass can be used as fuel directly or through a briquetting process. In addition, biomass is also used as a fuel to produce electrical energy.[4]